将一组INSERT语句分组并立即执行它们被称为批处理插入。
要使用PreparedStatement对象执行一批插入语句-
创建PreparedStatement-使用prepareStatement()方法创建PreparedStatement对象。通过带有占位符“?”的插入查询 而不是将值作为此方法的参数。
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO Sales VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
设置值的占位符-使用setXXX()
方法(SETINT() SetString()
,setFloat()
等...)设置的值在PrepareStatement的地方持有人-
pstmt.setString(1, "KeyBoard"); pstmt.setString(2, "Amith"); pstmt.setString(3, "January"); pstmt.setInt(4, 1000); pstmt.setString(5, "Hyderabad");
将语句添加到批处理中-将记录的值设置为占位符后,使用PreparedStatement接口的addBatch()方法将记录添加到批处理中-
pstmt.setString(1, "KeyBoard"); pstmt.setString(2, "Amith"); pstmt.setString(3, "January"); pstmt.setInt(4, 1000); pstmt.setString(5, "Hyderabad"); pstmt.addBatch(); pstmt.setString(1, "Earphones"); pstmt.setString(2, "Sumith"); pstmt.setString(3, "March"); pstmt.setInt(4, 500); pstmt.setString(5, "Vishakhapatnam"); pstmt.addBatch(); pstmt.setString(1, "Mouse"); pstmt.setString(2, "Sudha"); pstmt.setString(3, "September"); pstmt.setInt(4, 500); pstmt.setString(5, "Vishakhapatnam"); pstmt.addBatch();
执行批处理-最后,使用executeBatch()
PreparedStatement接口的方法执行批处理。
pstmt.executeBatch();
使用批处理插入,我们可以减少通信开销并提高Java应用程序的性能。
注–在将语句添加到批处理之前,您需要使用con.setAutoCommit(false)关闭自动提交,并且在执行批处理之后,需要使用con.commit()方法保存更改。
让我们使用CREATE语句在MySQL数据库中创建一个名称为Dispatches的表,如下所示-
CREATE table Dispatches ( Product_Name, varchar(255) Name_Of_Customer, varchar(255) Month_Of_Dispatch, varchar(255) Price, int(11) Location, varchar(255) );
下面的JDBC程序尝试使用Statement 对象批量执行一堆INSERT语句。
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.Statement; public class BatchInserts_PreparedStatement { public static void main(String args[])throws Exception { //获得连接 String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/testDB"; Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password"); System.out.println("Connection established......"); //创建一个Statement对象 Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); //设置自动提交false- con.setAutoCommit(false); PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO Sales VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"); pstmt.setString(1, "KeyBoard"); pstmt.setString(2, "Amith"); pstmt.setString(3, "January"); pstmt.setInt(4, 1000); pstmt.setString(5, "Hyderabad"); pstmt.addBatch(); pstmt.setString(1, "Earphones"); pstmt.setString(2, "Sumith"); pstmt.setString(3, "March"); pstmt.setInt(4, 500); pstmt.setString(5, "Vishakhapatnam"); pstmt.addBatch(); pstmt.setString(1, "Mouse"); pstmt.setString(2, "Sudha"); pstmt.setString(3, "September"); pstmt.setInt(4, 500); pstmt.setString(5, "Vishakhapatnam"); pstmt.addBatch(); //执行批处理 stmt.executeBatch(); //保存更改 con.commit(); System.out.println("Records inserted......"); } }
输出结果
Connection established...... Records inserted......
如果您验证表的内容,则可以找到新插入的记录为-
+--------------+------------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+ | Product_Name | Name_Of_Customer | Month_Of_Dispatch | Price | Location | +--------------+------------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+ | KeyBoard | Amith | January | 1000 | Hyderabad | | Earphones | SUMITH | March | 500 | Vishakhapatnam | | Mouse | Sudha | September | 200 | Vijayawada | +--------------+------------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+