如何使用JDBC将数据插入具有自动递增列的表中?

在将数据插入具有自动递增列的表中时,只需保留该特定列,并使用INSERT语句的以下语法指定其余列即可插入剩余值-

INSERT into table_name (column_name1, column_name2....) values(value1, value2....)

示例

让我们使用CREATE语句在MySQL数据库中创建一个名称为sales的表,其中一列自动递增,如下所示-

CREATE TABLE Sales(
   ID INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
   ProductName VARCHAR (20),
   CustomerName VARCHAR (20),
   DispatchDate date,
   DeliveryTime time,
   Price INT,
   Location VARCHAR(20)
);

以下JDBC程序与数据库建立连接,并将5条记录插入到sales表中-

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Time;
public class InsertingData_AutoIncrement {
   public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
      //注册驱动程序
      DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
      //获得连接
      String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/sample_database";
      Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
      System.out.println("Connection established......");
      //查询以将值插入销售表
      String insertQuery = "INSERT INTO Sales (ProductName, CustomerName, DispatchDate, DeliveryTime, Price, Location) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
      //创建一个PreparedStatement对象
      PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(insertQuery);
      pstmt.setString(1, "Key-Board");
      pstmt.setString(2, "Raja");
      pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1567315800000L));
      pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1567315800000L));
      pstmt.setInt(5, 7000);
      pstmt.setString(6, "Hyderabad");
      pstmt.execute();
      pstmt.setString(1, "Earphones");
      pstmt.setString(2, "Roja");
      pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1556688600000L));
      pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1556688600000L));
      pstmt.setInt(5, 2000);
      pstmt.setString(6, "Vishakhapatnam");
      pstmt.execute();
      pstmt.setString(1, "Mouse");
      pstmt.setString(2, "Puja");
      pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1551418199000L));
      pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1551418199000L));
      pstmt.setInt(5, 3000);
      pstmt.setString(6, "Vijayawada");
      pstmt.execute();
      pstmt.setString(1, "Mobile");
      pstmt.setString(2, "Vanaja");
      pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1551415252000L));
      pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1551415252000L));
      pstmt.setInt(5, 9000);
      pstmt.setString(6, "Chennai");
      pstmt.execute();
      pstmt.setString(1, "Headset");
      pstmt.setString(2, "Jalaja");
      pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1554529139000L));
      pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1554529139000L));
      pstmt.setInt(5, 6000);
      pstmt.setString(6, "Goa");
      pstmt.execute();
      System.out.println("Records inserted......");
   }
}

输出结果

Connection established......
Records inserted......

验证

如果您使用SELECT语句验证Sales表的内容,则可以看到插入的记录为-

mysql> select * from sales;
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
| ID | ProductName | CustomerName | DispatchDate | DeliveryTime | Price | Location       |
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
| 1  | Key-Board   | Raja         | 2019-09-01    | 11:00:00    | 7000   | Hyderabad     |
| 2  | Earphones   | Roja         | 2019-05-01    | 11:00:00    | 2000   | Vishakhapatnam|
| 3  | Mouse       | Puja         | 2019-03-01    | 10:59:59    | 3000   | Vijayawada    |
| 4  | Mobile      | Vanaja       | 2019-03-01    | 10:10:52    | 9000   | Chennai       |
| 5  | Headset     | Jalaja       | 2019-04-06    | 11:08:59    | 6000   | Goa           |
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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