河内塔是一个难题的问题。我们有三个看台和n个光盘。最初,将光盘放置在第一支架中。我们必须将光盘放入第三个或目标支架,第二个或辅助支架可以用作帮助支架。
但是要遵循一些规则。
每个动作我们只能传送一张光盘。
只能从架子上取出最上面的光盘。
较大的光盘不会放在较小的光盘的顶部。
此问题可以通过递归轻松解决。首先,使用递归,将前(n-1)个光盘从源放置到辅助支架,然后将最后一个光盘从源放置到目标,然后再次将(n-1)光盘从辅助支架放置到目的支架。
Input: Number of discs: 3 Output: 1. Move disk 1 from A to C 2. Move disk 2 from A to B 3. Move disk 1 from C to B 4. Move disk 3 from A to C 5. Move disk 1 from B to A 6. Move disk 2 from B to C 7. Move disk 1 from A to C
toh(n, s, a, d)
输入:光盘数量,来源,辅助,目的地。
输出:将光盘从源移动到目标的步骤,并保持正确的规则。
Begin if n = 1, then display move disc from s to d toh(n-1, s, d, a) display move disc from s to d toh(n-1, a, s, d) End
#include<iostream> using namespace std; void TOH(int n, char s, char a, char d) { static int count = 0; //store number of counts if(n == 1) { count++; cout << count<< ". Move disk " << n << " from "<<s <<" to "<<d<<endl; return; //base case, when only one disk } TOH(n-1, s, d, a); //recursive call the function count++; cout << count<< ". Move disk " << n << " from "<<s <<" to"<<d<<endl; TOH(n-1, a, s, d); } int main() { int n; cout << "Enter the number of disks: "; cin >> n; TOH(n, 'A','B','C'); }
输出结果
Enter the number of disks: 3 1. Move disk 1 from A to C 2. Move disk 2 from A to B 3. Move disk 1 from C to B 4. Move disk 3 from A to C 5. Move disk 1 from B to A 6. Move disk 2 from B to C 7. Move disk 1 from A to C