HTML5 canvas提供了scale(x,y)方法，该方法用于增加或减少画布网格中的单位。这可用于绘制按比例缩小或放大的形状和位图。
此方法采用两个参数，其中x是水平方向的比例因子，y是垂直方向的比例因子。两个参数都必须为正数。
让我们看一个例子-
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function drawShape(){
//使用DOM获取canvas元素
var canvas = document.getElementById('mycanvas');
if (canvas.getContext){
//使用getContext将画布用于绘制
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.strokeStyle = "#fc0";
ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;
ctx.fillRect(0,0,300,300);
//均匀缩放
ctx.save()
ctx.translate(50,50);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(100,0);
ctx.scale(0.75,0.75);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(133.333,0);
ctx.scale(0.75,0.75);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.restore();
ctx.strokeStyle = "#0cf";
ctx.save()
ctx.translate(50,150);
ctx.scale(1,0.75);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(100,0);
ctx.scale(1,0.75);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(100,0);
ctx.scale(1,0.75);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.restore();
ctx.strokeStyle = "#cf0";
ctx.save()
ctx.translate(50,250);
ctx.scale(0.75,1);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(133.333,0);
ctx.scale(0.75,1);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.translate(177.777,0);
ctx.scale(0.75,1);
drawSpirograph(ctx,22,6,5);
ctx.restore();
} else {
alert('You need Safari or Firefox 1.5+ to see this demo.');
}
}
function drawSpirograph(ctx,R,r,O){
var x1 = R-O;
var y1 = 0;
var i = 1;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x1,y1);
do {
if (i>20000) break;
var x2 = (R+r)*Math.cos(i*Math.PI/72) - (r+O)*Math.cos(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
var y2 = (R+r)*Math.sin(i*Math.PI/72) - (r+O)*Math.sin(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
ctx.lineTo(x2,y2);
x1 = x2;
y1 = y2;
i++;
}
while (x2 != R-O && y2 != 0 );
ctx.stroke();
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload = "drawShape();">
<canvas id = "mycanvas" width = "400" height = "400"></canvas>
</body>
</html>