通常,映射和多映射映射的默认行为是按升序存储元素。但是我们可以使用更大的功能按降序存储元素。
映射降序排列:
m::find() –如果找到,则返回映射中键值为“ b”的元素的迭代器,否则返回迭代器结束。
m::erase() –从映射上移除键值。
m::equal_range() –返回成对的迭代器。该对是指范围的边界,该范围包括容器中所有具有与key等效的key的元素。
minsert()
–在映射容器中插入元素。
msize()
–返回映射容器中的元素数。
mcount()
–返回映射中键值为“ a”或“ f”的元素的匹配数。
#include <iostream> #include <map> #include <string> using namespace std; int main () { map<char, int,greater <int>> m; map<char, int>::iterator it; m.insert (pair<char, int>('a', 10)); m.insert (pair<char, int>('b', 20)); m.insert (pair<char, int>('c', 30)); m.insert (pair<char, int>('d', 40)); cout<<"Size of the map: "<< m.size() <<endl; cout << "map contains:\n"; for (it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it) cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << '\n'; for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'd'; c++) { cout << "There are " << m.count(c) << " element(s) with key " << c << ":"; map<char, int>::iterator it; for (it = m.equal_range(c).first; it != m.equal_range(c).second; ++it) cout << ' ' << (*it).second; cout << endl; } if (m.count('a')) cout << "The key a is present\n"; else cout << "The key a is not present\n"; if (m.count('f')) cout << "The key f is present\n"; else cout << "The key f is not present\n"; it = m.find('b'); m.erase (it); cout<<"Size of the map: "<<m.size()<<endl; cout << "map contains:\n"; for (it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it) cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << '\n'; return 0; }
输出结果
Size of the map: 4 map contains: d => 40 c => 30 b => 20 a => 10 There are 1 element(s) with key a: 10 There are 1 element(s) with key b: 20 There are 1 element(s) with key c: 30 There are 1 element(s) with key d: 40 The key a is present The key f is not present Size of the map: 3 map contains: d => 40 c => 30 a => 10
多图按降序排列:
在这里使用函数:
mm::find() –如果找到,则返回在多映射中具有键值“ b”的元素的迭代器,否则返回迭代器结束。
mm::erase() –从多重映射中删除键值。
mm::equal_range() –返回成对的迭代器。该对是指范围的边界,该范围包括容器中所有具有与key等效的key的元素。
mminsert()
–在多图容器中插入元素。
mmsize()
–返回多图容器中的元素数。
#include <iostream> #include <map> #include <string> using namespace std; int main () { multimap<char, int,greater <char>> mm; multimap<char, int>::iterator it; mm.insert (pair<char, int>('a', 10)); mm.insert (pair<char, int>('b', 20)); mm.insert (pair<char, int>('a', 30)); mm.insert (pair<char, int>('b', 40)); cout<<"Size of the multimap: "<< mm.size() <<endl; cout << "multimap contains:\n"; for (it = mm.begin(); it != mm.end(); ++it) cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << '\n'; for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'd'; c++) { cout << "There are " << mm.count(c) << " elements with key " << c << ":"; map<char, int>::iterator it; for (it = mm.equal_range(c).first; it != mm.equal_range(c).second; ++it) cout << ' ' << (*it).second; cout << endl; } if (mm.count('a')) cout << "The key a is present\n"; else cout << "The key a is not present\n"; if (mm.count('f')) cout << "The key f is present\n"; else cout << "The key f is not present\n"; it = mm.find('b'); mm.erase (it); cout<<"Size of the multimap: "<<mm.size()<<endl; cout << "multiap contains:\n"; for (it = mm.begin(); it != mm.end(); ++it) cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << '\n'; return 0; }
输出结果
Size of the multimap: 4 multimap contains: b => 20 b => 40 a => 10 a => 30 There are 2 elements with key a: 10 30 There are 2 elements with key b: 20 40 There are 0 elements with key c: There are 0 elements with key d: The key a is present The key f is not present Size of the multimap: 3 multiap contains: b => 40 a => 10 a => 30