要使用$elemMatch正确实现索引,您需要使用的概念explain()
。首先让我们创建一个包含文档的集合-
> db.workingOfIndexesDemo.createIndex({"Information.StudentDetails.StudentName":1},{ sparse : true, background : true } ); { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : true, "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 } > db.workingOfIndexesDemo.insertOne({"Information":{"StudentDetails":{"StudentName":"Chris"}}}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5e06f94825ddae1f53b621f7") } > db.workingOfIndexesDemo.insertOne({"Information":{"StudentDetails":{"StudentName":"David"}}}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5e06f94f25ddae1f53b621f8") } > db.workingOfIndexesDemo.insertOne({"Information":{"StudentDetails":{"StudentName":"Mike"}}}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5e06f95325ddae1f53b621f9") }
以下是在find()
方法的帮助下显示集合中所有文档的查询-
> db.workingOfIndexesDemo.find();
这将产生以下输出-
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e06f94825ddae1f53b621f7"), "Information" : { "StudentDetails" : { "StudentName" : "Chris" } } } { "_id" : ObjectId("5e06f94f25ddae1f53b621f8"), "Information" : { "StudentDetails" : { "StudentName" : "David" } } } { "_id" : ObjectId("5e06f95325ddae1f53b621f9"), "Information" : { "StudentDetails" : { "StudentName" : "Mike" } } }
以下是explain()
在MongoDB中执行$elemMatch的查询-
> db.workingOfIndexesDemo.find({"Information.StudentDetails": { $elemMatch: { "StudentName" : "David"} } } ).explain();
这将产生以下输出-
{ "queryPlanner" : { "plannerVersion" : 1, "namespace" : "test.workingOfIndexesDemo", "indexFilterSet" : false, "parsedQuery" : { "Information.StudentDetails" : { "$elemMatch" : { "StudentName" : { "$eq" : "David" } } } }, "winningPlan" : { "stage" : "FETCH", "filter" : { "Information.StudentDetails" : { "$elemMatch" : { "StudentName" : { "$eq" : "David" } } } }, "inputStage" : { "stage" : "IXSCAN", "keyPattern" : { "Information.StudentDetails.StudentName" : 1 }, "indexName" : "Information.StudentDetails.StudentName_1", "isMultiKey" : false, "multiKeyPaths" : { "Information.StudentDetails.StudentName" : [ ] }, "isUnique" : false, "isSparse" : true, "isPartial" : false, "indexVersion" : 2, "direction" : "forward", "indexBounds" : { "Information.StudentDetails.StudentName" : [ "[\"David\", \"David\"]" ] } } }, "rejectedPlans" : [ ] }, "serverInfo" : { "host" : "DESKTOP-QN2RB3H", "port" : 27017, "version" : "4.0.5", "gitVersion" : "3739429dd92b92d1b0ab120911a23d50bf03c412" }, "ok" : 1 }