要在 R 中随机选择输出中的每个值生成重复值向量，我们可以使用复制函数。复制函数将重复向量值到我们想要的次数，每个值将被随机选择。要了解它的工作原理，请查看以下示例。
使用复制函数创建大小为 10 的指数随机变量向量 -
x1<-replicate(10,rexp(1)) x1输出结果
[1] 2.32622226 1.43769104 0.84140379 0.31309834 0.34728869 1.12669808 [7] 2.59806767 0.95124064 0.65973341 0.02458311
使用复制函数创建大小为 100 的指数随机变量向量 -
x2<-replicate(100,rexp(1)) x2输出结果
[1] 1.338218972 0.928111715 0.210226591 0.782096210 0.980464659 0.561102964 [7] 0.420678409 1.521477580 2.657032652 0.210767035 1.083586779 1.428215502 [13] 0.495238871 0.117252999 0.065553573 2.023542229 0.139094335 0.284678072 [19] 1.876679134 0.107705118 0.333504217 0.839815633 0.051048229 0.326633231 [25] 1.073403904 2.515174685 1.925430402 0.465222352 4.646641928 0.909072626 [31] 6.086874112 0.409404304 0.218934411 0.442255062 0.199396318 1.125906858 [37] 0.094596248 1.504960904 1.905449165 0.983241949 2.725240568 3.174215562 [43] 0.347061660 1.387700094 0.939728857 0.428349982 2.265757175 0.965756987 [49] 0.183605692 0.283113697 0.565889680 0.655143598 1.362383223 0.059399699 [55] 2.679196225 0.198336834 0.083796074 0.856362864 0.515979461 1.122302708 [61] 1.335402171 2.133741173 1.026671943 0.976029757 3.499395951 0.442655258 [67] 2.525529204 0.255688451 0.317069784 1.036617768 0.267435749 1.819084953 [73] 0.279127992 4.715847362 1.673101706 3.370964892 0.328154675 1.485599963 [79] 0.096166832 0.267245952 1.490545847 0.796993139 0.788134819 0.256215425 [85] 1.545049881 0.499626923 0.004774265 1.833408965 2.896811513 0.552053340 [91] 1.786220800 1.207105992 4.116648873 0.355176195 1.823150722 0.830110544 [97] 0.405113572 0.029689468 2.242159443 1.004736981
使用复制函数创建大小为 100 的正态随机变量向量 -
x3<-replicate(100,rnorm(1)) x3输出结果
[1] 0.153288421 -1.219525465 -0.625330755 -0.456268249 -0.045359052 [6] -0.902709458 -0.716718796 -0.214672818 -0.600083002 -1.960343132 [11] -1.677517129 1.064098446 0.385287036 -0.091449498 0.394187375 [16] 0.882923958 -1.823264675 0.330432747 1.762251038 1.327119063 [21] -0.949451629 0.149645508 1.868005006 0.770408718 1.272448989 [26] -0.168494279 -0.107068400 1.472309649 -0.150467262 -0.152496721 [31] 0.769591215 1.153377443 0.477914235 1.596813635 -0.440377190 [36] 0.061882121 0.106553833 1.495253813 1.012869670 -1.018312385 [41] 1.198279836 0.124804984 -0.374792946 1.762658378 -0.312889224 [46] 0.399795624 -0.475596079 0.894190442 -0.795381419 0.436562146 [51] -0.357577709 0.700715436 0.402455839 -0.007842341 -0.589435217 [56] 0.777849457 -1.580414451 -0.035547423 -1.085388646 -1.979881190 [61] 0.392376294 0.281403338 -1.396385118 1.932603607 -0.014650476 [66] 0.599278722 -0.281731560 0.381315576 -1.016807561 0.805428495 [71] 0.516286173 -0.722918222 -1.027853561 -0.317724841 -0.378129174 [76] 0.252757886 -0.879654650 -1.537333772 -0.307502629 1.717763788 [81] -0.228402374 -2.025650718 -1.381842544 -0.106518292 -1.355510949 [86] 1.240272007 0.390788562 0.038186514 -1.041538991 -2.971225093 [91] 1.105531036 -1.445929659 -1.136905186 -0.128538626 1.101869153 [96] -0.099773963 0.929702356 2.176688511 0.838853049 1.999621713
使用复制函数创建大小为 250 的泊松随机变量向量 -
x4<-replicate(250,rpois(1,25)) x4输出结果
[1] 20 24 23 33 27 13 29 29 29 29 24 24 31 32 23 28 27 18 33 24 21 29 26 21 32 [26] 26 28 37 21 18 22 36 26 25 20 23 22 28 31 38 22 20 25 25 33 27 17 33 23 34 [51] 34 26 23 15 23 22 35 30 23 25 27 32 27 24 20 30 24 27 22 26 27 26 22 27 31 [76] 24 27 30 42 29 16 25 32 21 20 34 30 33 37 30 24 29 34 29 25 22 33 29 28 28 [101] 27 13 32 24 26 35 25 28 27 20 26 29 23 22 25 24 20 26 28 19 35 27 25 23 30 [126] 29 31 24 24 23 23 23 20 22 24 18 21 34 22 14 33 21 19 11 17 33 19 26 30 26 [151] 23 26 25 33 28 18 27 31 23 24 19 35 21 29 18 30 20 26 32 16 15 25 26 32 24 [176] 31 22 18 25 22 28 22 21 21 32 31 25 20 33 19 27 25 24 34 23 21 28 18 28 22 [201] 23 21 28 33 20 28 33 21 22 32 26 20 17 21 25 27 25 25 20 34 16 17 22 18 30 [226] 25 30 33 22 29 23 34 25 25 17 31 24 16 28 27 19 25 29 24 30 27 19 23 26 21