单处理器和多处理器之间的主要区别如下 -
| 范围 | 单处理器系统 | 多处理器系统 |
|---|---|---|
| Description | 这个名字本身就是在说单处理器系统只包含一个处理器进行处理。 | For this also the name itself indicates that the multiprocessor system contains two or more processors for processing. |
| 有没有使用协处理器？ | 在单处理器中使用协处理器，因为它使用多个控制器，这些控制器旨在处理特殊任务并且可以执行有限的指令集。例如 - DMA 控制器。 | Multiprocessor uses two types of approaches − In Symmetric Multiprocessing every processor performs all the tasks within the operating system. In Asymmetric Multiprocessing one Processor will acts as a Master and Second Processor act as Slave. |
| 系统吞吐量 | 与多处理器系统相比，单处理器系统的吞吐量更低，因为每个任务都由同一个处理器执行。 | The Throughput of Multiprocessor systems is greater when compared to single processor systems. Suppose if a system contains N processors then its throughput will be less than N because synchronization must be maintained between two processors and they also share resources which increases a certain amount of overhead. |
| 处理器成本 | 单处理器系统成本更高，因为这里每个处理器都需要单独的资源。 | Multiprocessor systems cost less than equivalent multiple single processor systems because they use the same resources on a sharing basis. |
| 处理器的设计流程是什么？ | 设计单处理器系统很容易。 | It is difficult to design Multi Processor Systems because Synchronization must be maintained between processors otherwise it may result in overloading of one processor and another processor may remain idle at the same time. |
| 系统的可靠性 | 单处理器系统可靠性较差，因为一个处理器出现故障将导致整个系统出现故障。 | Multiprocessor system is more reliable because failure of one processor does not halt the entire system but only speed will be slowed down. |
| 例子 | 大多数现代 PC。 | 刀片服务器。 |