前言、
已经好多天没写博客了，鉴于空闲无聊之时又兴起想写写博客，也当是给自己做个笔记。过了这么些天，我的文笔还是依然那么烂就请多多谅解了。今天主要是分享一下在使用.net core2.0下的实际遇到的情况。在使用webapi时用了identity做用户验证。官方文档是的是用EF存储数据来使用dapper，因为个人偏好原因所以不想用EF。于是乎就去折腾。改成使用dapper做数据存储。于是就有了以下的经验。
一、使用Identity服务
先找到Startup.cs 这个类文件 找到 ConfigureServices 方法
services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();//添加Identity
services.AddTransient<IUserStore<ApplicationUser>, CustomUserStore>();
services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<ApplicationRole>, CustomRoleStore>();
string connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("SqlConnectionStr");
services.AddTransient<SqlConnection>(e => new SqlConnection(connectionString));
services.AddTransient<DapperUsersTable>();
然后在 Configure 方法 的 app.UseMvc() 前加入下列代码，net core 1.0的时候是app.UseIdentity() 现在已经弃用改为以下方法。
//使用验证 app.UseAuthentication();
这里的 ApplicationUser 是自定义的一个用户模型 具体是继承 IdentityUser 继承它的一些属性
public class ApplicationUser :IdentityUser
{
public string AuthenticationType { get; set; }
public bool IsAuthenticated { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
这里的 CustomUserStore 是自定义提供用户的所有数据操作的方法的类它需要继承三个接口：IUserStore，IUserPasswordStore，IUserEmailStore
IUserStore<TUser>接口是在用户存储中必须实现的唯一接口。 它定义了用于创建、 更新、 删除和检索用户的方法。
IUserPasswordStore<TUser>接口定义实现以保持经过哈希处理的密码的方法。 它包含用于获取和设置工作经过哈希处理的密码，以及用于指示用户是否已设置密码的方法的方法。
IUserEmailStore<TUser>接口定义实现以存储用户电子邮件地址的方法。 它包含用于获取和设置的电子邮件地址和是否确认电子邮件的方法。
这里跟.net core 1.0的实现接口方式有点不同。需要多实现 IUserEmailStore 才能不报错
具体代码如下。以供大家参考。
CustomUserStore
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider
{
/// <summary>
/// This store is only partially implemented. It supports user creation and find methods.
/// </summary>
public class CustomUserStore : IUserStore<ApplicationUser>,
IUserPasswordStore<ApplicationUser>,
IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser>
{
private readonly DapperUsersTable _usersTable;
public CustomUserStore(DapperUsersTable usersTable)
{
_usersTable = usersTable;
}
#region createuser
public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return await _usersTable.CreateAsync(user);
}
#endregion
public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return await _usersTable.DeleteAsync(user);
}
public void Dispose()
{
}
public Task<ApplicationUser> FindByEmailAsync(string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (userId == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userId));
Guid idGuid;
if (!Guid.TryParse(userId, out idGuid))
{
throw new ArgumentException("Not a valid Guid id", nameof(userId));
}
return await _usersTable.FindByIdAsync(idGuid);
}
public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (userName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userName));
return await _usersTable.FindByNameAsync(userName);
}
public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return Task.FromResult(user.Email);
}
public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return Task.FromResult(user.PasswordHash);
}
public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return Task.FromResult(user.Id.ToString());
}
public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
return Task.FromResult(user.UserName);
}
public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task SetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
if (normalizedEmail == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedEmail));
user.NormalizedEmail = normalizedEmail;
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
if (normalizedName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedName));
user.NormalizedUserName = normalizedName;
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
if (passwordHash == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(passwordHash));
user.PasswordHash = passwordHash;
return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
}
public Task SetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return _usersTable.UpdateAsync(user);
}
}
}
二、使用使用dapper做数据存储
接着就是使用dapper做数据存储。该类的方法都是通过 CustomUserStore 调用去操作数据库的。具体代码如下。根据实际的用户表去操作dapper即可。
DapperUsersTable
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
using Dapper;
using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Model;
using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Data;
namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider
{
public class DapperUsersTable
{
private readonly SqlConnection _connection;
private readonly Sys_AccountData _sys_AccountData;
public DapperUsersTable(SqlConnection connection)
{
_connection = connection;
_sys_AccountData = new Sys_AccountData();
}
private Sys_Account ApplicationUserToAccount(ApplicationUser user)
{
return new Sys_Account
{
Id = user.Id,
UserName = user.UserName,
PasswordHash = user.PasswordHash,
Email = user.Email,
EmailConfirmed = user.EmailConfirmed,
PhoneNumber = user.PhoneNumber,
PhoneNumberConfirmed = user.PhoneNumberConfirmed,
LockoutEnd = user.LockoutEnd?.DateTime,
LockoutEnabled = user.LockoutEnabled,
AccessFailedCount = user.AccessFailedCount,
};
}
#region createuser
public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user)
{
int rows = await _sys_AccountData.InsertAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));
if (rows > 0)
{
return IdentityResult.Success;
}
return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not insert user {user.Email}." });
}
#endregion
public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user)
{
//string sql = "DELETE FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id";
//int rows = await _connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, new { user.Id });
int rows = await _sys_AccountData.DeleteForPKAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));
if (rows > 0)
{
return IdentityResult.Success;
}
return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not delete user {user.Email}." });
}
public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId)
{
string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id;";
return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new
{
Id = userId
});
}
public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)
{
string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE UserName = @UserName;";
return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new
{
UserName = userName
});
//var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = userName, Email = userName, EmailConfirmed = false };
//user.PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>().HashPassword(user, "test");
//return await Task.FromResult(user);
}
public async Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser applicationUser)
{
var user = ApplicationUserToAccount(applicationUser);
var result = await _sys_AccountData.UpdateForPKAsync(user);
if (result > 0)
{
return IdentityResult.Success;
}
return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not update user {user.Email}." });
}
}
}
三、使用UserManager、SignInManager验证操作
新建一个 AccountController 控制器 并在构造函数中获取 依赖注入的对象 UserManager 与 SignInManager 如下：
[Authorize]
public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;
private readonly ILogger _logger;
public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,
SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager,
ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
_userManager = userManager;
_signInManager = signInManager;
_logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<AccountController>();
}
}
SignInManager 是提供用户登录登出的API ，UserManager 是提供用户管理的API。
接着来实现一下简单的登录登出。
/// <summary>
/// 登录
/// </summary>
[HttpPost]
[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(ReqLoginModel req)
{
var json = new JsonResultModel<object>();
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(req.UserName, req.Password, isPersistent: true, lockoutOnFailure: false);
if (result.Succeeded)
{
json.code = "200";
json.message = "登录成功";
}
else
{
json.code = "400";
json.message = "登录失败";
}
if (result.IsLockedOut)
{
json.code = "401";
json.message = "账户密码已错误3次，账户被锁定，请30分钟后再尝试";
}
}
else
{
var errorMessges = ModelState.GetErrorMessage();
json.code = "403";
json.message = string.Join("，", errorMessges);
}
return json.ToJsonResult();
}
/// <summary>
/// 登出
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> LogOut()
{await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
var json = new JsonResultModel<object>()
{
code = "200",
data = null,
message = "登出成功",
remark = string.Empty
};
return json.ToJsonResult();
}
四、使用Identity配置
在 ConfigureServices 方法中加入
services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
{
// 密码配置
options.Password.RequireDigit = false;//是否需要数字(0-9).
options.Password.RequiredLength = 6;//设置密码长度最小为6
options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;//是否包含非字母或数字字符。
options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;//是否需要大写字母(A-Z).
options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;//是否需要小写字母(a-z).
//options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 6;
// 锁定设置
options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//账户锁定时长30分钟
options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 3;//10次失败的尝试将账户锁定
//options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true;
// 用户设置
options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false; //是否Email地址必须唯一
});
services.ConfigureApplicationCookie(options =>
{
// Cookie settings
options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
//options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//30分钟
options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromHours(12);//12小时
options.LoginPath = "/api/Account/NotLogin"; // If the LoginPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Login
//options.LogoutPath = "/api/Account/Logout"; // If the LogoutPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Logout
//options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied"; // If the AccessDeniedPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/AccessDenied
options.SlidingExpiration = true;
});
五、其他
在实现的过程中遇到一些小状况。例如Identity不生效。是因为未在app.UseMvc() 之前使用造成的。 如果未登录会造成跳转。后来查看了.net core Identity 的源码后 发现 如果是ajax情况下 不会跳转而时 返回401的状态码页面。
然后就是Idenetity的密码加密 是用 PasswordHasher 这个类去加密的。如果想用自己的加密方式。只能通过继承接口去更改原本的方式。然后大致说到这么些。也当是给自己做做笔记。做得不好请大家多给点意见。多多谅解。谢谢。
以上这篇.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。
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