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详解利用SpringCloud搭建一个最简单的微服务框架

Spring Cloud是一个基于Spring Boot实现的云应用开发工具，它为基于JVM的云应用开发中的配置管理、服务发现、断路器、智能路由、微代理、控制总线、全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话和集群状态管理等操作提供了一种简单的开发方式。

Spring Cloud包含了多个子项目（针对分布式系统中涉及的多个不同开源产品），比如：Spring Cloud Config、Spring Cloud Netflix、Spring Cloud CloudFoundry、Spring Cloud AWS、Spring Cloud Security、Spring Cloud Commons、Spring Cloud Zookeeper、Spring Cloud CLI等项目。

1.微服务

微服务主要包含服务注册，服务发现，服务路由，服务配置，服务熔断，服务降级等一系列的服务，而Spring Cloud为我们提供了个一整套的服务；

本例子为你提供了最简单的一个服务发现例子，包含服务注册发现spingCloudEurekaServer、服务配置中心spingCloudConfServer、以及一个app应用springCloudApp

2.服务注册与发现

spingCloudEurekaServer

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId> 
 <artifactId>spingCloudEurekaServer</artifactId> 
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
 <parent> 
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId> 
  <version>Angel.SR6</version> 
 </parent> 
 <dependencies>   
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
 <build> 
  <plugins> 
   <plugin> 
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
   </plugin> 
  </plugins> 
 </build> 
</project>

Application.java

package com.caicongyang.eureka; 
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; 
 
/** 
 * Spring could EurekaServer程序主入口 
 * 
 * @author Administrator 
 * 
 */ 
@SpringBootApplication 
@EnableEurekaServer 
public class Application { 
 public static void main(String[] args) { 
  SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); 
 } 
}

application.yml  （可用properties替代）

server: 
  port: 9999 
eureka: 
  instance: 
   hostname: 127.0.0.1 
  client: 
   registerWithEureka: false 
   fetchRegistry: false 
   serviceUrl: 
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

3.服务配置（全局配置中心）

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId> 
 <artifactId>spingCloudConfServer</artifactId> 
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
 
 <parent> 
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId> 
  <version>Angel.SR6</version> 
 </parent> 
 <dependencies> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
  <!-- sping cloud 注册服务 --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
   <scope>test</scope> 
  </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
 
 <build> 
  <plugins> 
   <plugin> 
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
   </plugin> 
  </plugins> 
  <defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal> 
 </build> 
</project>

application.java

package com.caiconyang.conf; 
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer; 
 
/** 
 * Spring could conf程序主入口 
 * @author Administrator 
 * 
 */ 
@SpringBootApplication 
@EnableConfigServer 
public class Application { 
 public static void main(String[] args) {  
  SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);  
 }  
}

application.properties

server.port=8888 
## App配置文件所在git地址 
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://git.oschina.net/caicongyang/springCloudConfigRepo.git 
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=repo 
spring.application.name=spingCloudConfServer

4.App 

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId> 
 <artifactId>springCloudApp</artifactId> 
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
 
 <parent> 
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId> 
  <version>Angel.SR6</version> 
 </parent> 
 <properties> 
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
  <java.version>1.7</java.version> 
  <java.encoding>UTF-8</java.encoding> 
  <springfox.swagger.version>2.2.2</springfox.swagger.version> 
 </properties> 
 <dependencies> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
  <!-- sping cloud 监控 http://localhost:8080/health --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
  <!-- sping cloud 注册服务 --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
   <!-- sping cloud 路由 --> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId> 
  </dependency> 
 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
   <scope>test</scope> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> 
   <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> 
   <version>${springfox.swagger.version}</version> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> 
   <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> 
   <version>${springfox.swagger.version}</version> 
  </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
  
 
 <build> 
  <finalName>spingcould</finalName> 
  <plugins> 
   <plugin> 
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
    <configuration> 
     <source>${java.version}</source> 
     <target>${java.version}</target> 
     <encoding>${java.encoding}</encoding> 
     <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> 
    </configuration> 
   </plugin> 
  </plugins> 
 </build> 
 
 
</project>

Application.java

package com.caicongyang.springCloudApp.main; 
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 
 
/** 
 * Spring could web程序主入口 
 * @author Administrator 
 * 
 */ 
@Configuration//配置控制 
@EnableAutoConfiguration//启用自动配置 
@ComponentScan(value={"com.caicongyang.springCloudApp"})//组件扫描 
@EnableDiscoveryClient 
public class Application { 
 public static void main(String[] args) {  
  //第一个简单的应用，  
  SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);  
 }  
}

SwaggerConfig.java

package com.caicongyang.springCloudApp.conf; 
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 
 
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; 
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; 
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; 
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; 
 
/** 
 * 
 * @author caicongyang1 
 * @version id: SwaggerConfig, v 0.1 16/4/22 下午4:12 caicongyang1 Exp $$ 
 */ 
@Configuration 
@EnableSwagger2 
public class SwaggerConfig { 
 
 @Value("${swagger.ui.enable}") //该配置项在配置中心管理 
 private boolean environmentSpecificBooleanFlag; 
  
 @Bean 
 public Docket docketFactory() { 
  return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo( 
   new ApiInfo("接口文档", "SpingCloud web接口列表", "1.0", "", "", "", "")).enable(environmentSpecificBooleanFlag); 
 } 
}

application.properties

server.port=8080 
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://127.0.0.1:8888 
spring.cloud.config.name=springCloudApp 
spring.cloud.config.profile=${config.profile:dev} 
#service discovery url 
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:9999/eureka/ 
#service name 
spring.application.name=springCloudApp

5.测试与验证

顺序启动服务注册发现spingCloudEurekaServer、服务配置中心spingCloudConfServer、以及一个app应用springCloudApp

测试与验证

1.访问http://localhost:9999/eureka/  app是否已经注册上来

2.访问 http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html 是否正常访问，如果正常访问说明争取读取到config配置中心的swagger.ui.enable配置项

6.源码：以上所有源码：springcloud_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。

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