servlet实现文件上传、预览、下载、删除功能

servlet实现文件上传,预览,下载和删除,供大家参考,具体内容如下

一、准备工作:

  1.1 文件上传插件:uploadify;

  1.2 文件上传所需jar包:commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar和commons-io-2.2.jar

  1.3 将数据转成JSON对象需要jar包:commons-beanutils-1.8.3.jar、commons-collections-3.2.1.jar、commons-lang-2.6.jar、commons-logging-1.1.3.jar、ezmorph-1.0.6.jar和json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar

  1.4 开发工具:我用的是Eclipse,随意

  1.5 目录结构

需要注意的是:变更uploadify.css文件中的取消文件上传图片的路径

.uploadify-queue-item .cancel a {
  background: url('../images/uploadify-cancel.png') 0 0 no-repeat;
  float: right;
  height:  16px;
  text-indent: -9999px;
  width: 16px;
} 

二、代码展示

2.1 客户端代码设计

JSP部分

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head> 
    <title>演示-操作文件</title>
    <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value="/js/jquery-1.11.2.min.js"/>"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value="/uploadify/js/jquery.uploadify-3.2.1.min.js"/>"></script>
    <link href="<c:url value=" rel="external nofollow" /uploadify/css/uploadify.css"/>" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <script type="text/javascript">var baseUrl = '<%=request.getContextPath()%>';</script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value="/index.js"/>"></script>
    <style type="text/css">
      /* 上传、取消上传按钮style start */
      .Button {
        width: 80px;
        margin: 3px 1px 0 5px;
        padding: 0 10px;
        background-color: #16a0d3;
        border: none;
        display: inline-block;
        font-family: "Microsoft Yahei";
        font-size: 14px;
        cursor: pointer;
        height: 30px;
        line-height: 30px;
        color: #FFF;
        border-radius: 5px;
        text-decoration:none;
        text-align:center;
      }
      
      .ButtonOver {
        width: 80px;
        margin: 3px 1px 0 5px;
        padding: 0 10px;
        background-color: #117ea6;
        border: none;
        display: inline-block;
        font-family: "Microsoft Yahei";
        font-size: 14px;
        cursor: pointer;
        height: 30px;
        line-height: 30px;
        color: #FFF;
        border-radius: 5px;
        text-decoration:none;
        text-align:center;
      }  
      /* end 上传、取消上传按钮style */
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <!-- 文件上传 -->
    <div id="file_upload"></div>
    <div id="ctrlUpload" style="display:none;">
      <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" onclick="$('#file_upload').uploadify('upload', '*');" class="Button" 
        onmouseover="javascript:this.className='ButtonOver'" onmouseout="javascript:this.className='Button'">
            上传所有
      </a>  
      <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" onclick="$('#file_upload').uploadify('cancel', '*');$('#ctrlUpload').hide();" class="Button"
        onmouseover="javascript:this.className='ButtonOver'" onmouseout="javascript:this.className='Button'">
            取消上传
      </a>  
    </div>
    <table border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;" id="tableFiles">
      <thead>
        <th>序号</th>
        <th>文件名</th>
        <th>文件预览</th>
        <th>文件下载</th>
        <th>文件删除</th>
      </thead>
      <tbody></tbody>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

js文件

var operateFile = new OperateFile();
window.onload = function() {
  operateFile.init();
  
}

/**
 * 对文件进行操作
 * @returns
 */
function OperateFile() {
  var object = this;
  
  /**
   * 初始化操作:
   */
  this.init = function() {
    // 队列中的文件数
    var selectedCount = 0;
    $('#file_upload').uploadify({
      'method' : 'get',// 默认值post,设置成get是为了向后台传递自定义的参数
      'auto' : false,// 设置为true当选择文件后就直接上传了,为false需要点击上传按钮才上传。默认值为TRUE
      'buttonText' : '添加文件',// 按钮文本
      'fileTypeExts' : '*.gif; *.jpg; *.png;*.pdf;*.zip;',// 限制上传文件类型,默认值没有限制(*.*)
      'fileTypeDesc' : '请选择gif jpg png pdf zip类型的文件',// 这个属性值必须设置fileTypeExts属性后才有效,用来设置选择文件对话框中的提示文本,默认值:All Files
      'swf' : baseUrl + '/uploadify/flash/uploadify.swf', // flash文件路径(帮助我们与后端交互数据)
      'uploader' : baseUrl + '/uploadFile.do' , // 处理文件上传请求地址 
      'formData' : {'param1':'测试文件上传'},// 请求参数:上传每个文件的同时提交到服务器的额外数据
      'onDialogClose' : function(queueData) {
        // 获取该队列中有多少个要上传的文件 
        var queueSize = $('#file_upload-queue').children('div').length;
        if (queueSize > 0) {
          $('#ctrlUpload').show();
        }
      },
      'onUploadSuccess' : function(file, data, response) {// 上传成功
        // 将josn字符串转换成JSON对象
        data = eval('(' + data + ')');
        // 获取页面上文件展示table 有多少行
        var rowsLength = $('#tableFiles')[0].rows.length;
        // 设置查看文件所需参数
        var param = "fileName=" + data.fileName;
        // 查看文件请求地址
        var viewUrl = baseUrl + '/viewFile.do?' + param;
        // 下载文件请求地址
        var downloadUrl = baseUrl + '/downloadFile.do?' + param;
        
        // 拼接一行tr
        var trTemplate = '<tr>'
                +  '<td>'
                +    rowsLength   
                +  '</td>'
                +  '<td>'
                +    file.name // 仍展示原文件名
                +  '</td>'
                +  '<td>'
                +    '<a href="' + viewUrl + '" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">点击预览</a>'
                +    '<input type="hidden" name="imgAddress" value="' + data.fileName + '"/>'
                +  '</td>'
                +  '<td>'
                +    '<a href="' + downloadUrl + '" rel="external nofollow" >点击下载</a>'
                +  '</td>'
                +  '<td>'
                +    '<a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" onclick="operateFile.deleteFile(\'' + data.fileName + '\',' + rowsLength +');">点击删除</a>'
                +  '</td>'
                +'</tr>';
        $('#tableFiles').append(trTemplate);
      },
      'onUploadError' : function(file, errorCode, errorMsg, errorString) {// 上传失败
        
      }
    });
    
  }
  
  /**
   * 删除文件
   * @param 文件名
   */
  this.deleteFile = function(fileName,rowIndex) {
    // 设置删除文件所需参数
    var param = "fileName=" + fileName;
    // 删除文件请求地址
    var deleteUrl = baseUrl + '/deleteFile.do?' + param;
    $.get(
      deleteUrl, 
      function(msg) {
        alert(msg);
        if ("删除失败!" != msg) {
          // 删除该行记录
          $('#tableFiles')[0].deleteRow(rowIndex);
        }
      }
    );
    
  }
  
} 

2.2 服务器端代码设计

文件上传代码(FileUpload.javae文件)

package controller.fileHandler;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(request, response);
  }

  /**
   * 处理文件上传的post
   * @precaution 下方的类名出自包import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*
   */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 1.设置参数编码
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 设置响应数据字符集
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 设置响应数据格式
    // response.setContentType("application/json; charset=UTF-8");
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    // 2.创建文件上传处理工厂
    DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
    // 3.设置临时文件存放地点
    // 3.1获取当前web应用程序对象(WEB容器在启动时,它会为每个WEB应用程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象,它代表当前web应用)
    ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletConfig().getServletContext();
    // 3.2获取服务器的临时目录(tomcat、WebLogic)
    // D:\ProgramFiles(x86)\APACHE\TOMCAT\apache-tomcat-7.0.40-x86\work\Catalina\localhost\demo
    File repository = (File) servletContext.getAttribute("javax.servlet.context.tempdir");
    // 3.3临时文件将会存储在该目录下
    factory.setRepository(repository);
    // 4.创建文件上传处理器
    ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
    // 5.判断请求类型是否为文件上传类型
    boolean multipartContent = upload.isMultipartContent(request);

    Map<String, String> mapData = new HashMap<String, String>();
    // 返回信息
    String msg = "";
    // 错误信息
    String errorMsg = "";
    // 文件名
    String fileName = "";
    if (multipartContent) {
      try {
        // 获取请求参数
        String param = request.getParameter("param1");
        System.out.println(param);
        // 6.解析请求信息
        List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);

        // 7.对所有请求信息进行判断
        Iterator<FileItem> iter = items.iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
          FileItem item = iter.next();
          // 信息为文件格式
          if (!item.isFormField()) {
            fileName = processUploadedFile(param, item);
            msg = "上传成功!";
          }
        }
      } catch (FileUploadException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        msg = "上传失败!";
        errorMsg = e.getMessage();
      }

    } else {
      msg = "form表单类型不是multipart/form-data,无法上传!";
    }

    mapData.put("msg", msg);
    mapData.put("errorMsg", errorMsg);
    mapData.put("fileName", fileName);
    // 将Map转成JSON
    JSONObject jsonData = JSONObject.fromObject(mapData);
    // 返回客户端信息
    out.print(jsonData.toString());
  }

  /**
   * 处理上传的文件
   * @param ORG_ID
   * @param order
   * @param item
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unused")
  private String processUploadedFile(String param, FileItem item) {
    // Process a file upload
    String fieldName = item.getFieldName();// 默认值为Filedata
    // 获取文件名
    String fileName = item.getName();
    // 内容类型:application/octet-stream
    String contentType = item.getContentType();
    boolean isInMemory = item.isInMemory();
    // 获取文件大小
    long sizeInBytes = item.getSize();
    // 1.指定文件上传的根路径
    String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/uploadFiles");
    // 2.路径构成:/uploadfile/fileName
    // TODO 可以自定义文件存放路径
    // 3.根据路径批量创建文件夹
    File fileDirectories = new File(path);
    // 目录不存在时,再创建
    if (!fileDirectories.exists()) {
      fileDirectories.mkdirs();// 所有的文件夹都创建成功才返回TRUE
    }
    // 4.文件名格式校验(文件名中不能包含#号)
    int index = fileName.indexOf("#");
    if (index > -1) {
      fileName = fileName.replace('#', '_');
    }
    // TODO 可以对文件名进行重命名
    // 5.在指定路径下创建指定名称的文件
    File uploadedFile = new File(path + "/" + fileName);
    // 6.判断该文件是否已存在
    if (!uploadedFile.exists()) {
      try {
        // 使用了这个方法写入文件,临时文件会被系统自动删除
        item.write(uploadedFile);
      } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    // 返回重名后的文件名
    return fileName;
  }

  /**
   * 处理信息为普通的格式
   * @param item
   */
  private void processFormField(FileItem item) {
    // Process a regular form field
    if (item.isFormField()) {
      String name = item.getFieldName();
      String value = item.getString();
    }
  }
}

文件查看代码(FileView.java文件)

package controller.fileHandler;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class FileView extends HttpServlet {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  // 设定输出的类型
  private static final String GIF = "image/gif;charset=UTF-8";
  private static final String JPG = "image/jpeg;charset=UTF-8";
  private static final String PNG = "image/png;charset=UTF-8";
  private static final String PDF = "application/pdf;charset=UTF-8";
  private static final String ZIP = "application/zip;charset=UTF-8";

  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(request, response);
  }

  /**
   * 处理文件查看的post
   * @throws IOException
   * @precaution 下方的类名出自包import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*
   */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 文件流
    InputStream is = null;
    // 输入缓冲流
    BufferedInputStream bis = null;
    // 得到输出流
    OutputStream output = null;
    // 输出缓冲流
    BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
    // 1.设置参数编码
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 2.设置响应数据字符集
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 3.获取客户端请求参数:文件名
    String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
    // 4.重置response
    response.reset();
    // 5.设置响应数据格式
    if (fileName.endsWith(".gif")) {
      response.setContentType(GIF);
    } else if (fileName.endsWith(".jpg")) {
      response.setContentType(JPG);
    } else if (fileName.endsWith(".png")) {
      response.setContentType(PNG);
    } else if (fileName.endsWith(".pdf")) {
      response.setContentType(PDF);
    } else if (fileName.endsWith(".gif")) {
      response.setContentType(GIF);
    } else if (fileName.endsWith(".zip")) {
      response.setContentType(ZIP);
    }

    String filePath = "WEB-INF/uploadFiles/" + fileName;
    // 获取当前web应用程序
    ServletContext webApp = this.getServletContext();
    // 6.获取指定文件上传的真实路径
    filePath = webApp.getRealPath(filePath);
    // 7.读取目标文件,通过response将目标文件写到客户端
    is = new FileInputStream(filePath);
    bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
    output = response.getOutputStream();
    bos = new BufferedOutputStream(output);
    byte data[] = new byte[1024];// 缓冲字节数
    int size = bis.read(data);
    while (size != -1) {
      bos.write(data, 0, size);
      size = bis.read(data);
    }

    // 关闭流
    bis.close();
    bos.flush();// 清空输出缓冲流
    bos.close();
    output.close();
  }

}

文件下载代码(FileDownload.java文件)

package controller.fileHandler;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class FileDownload extends HttpServlet {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(request, response);
  }

  /**
   * 处理文件下载的post
   * @throws IOException
   */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 1.设置参数编码
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 设置响应数据字符集
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 1.获得请求文件名
    String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
    // 2.设置文件MIME类型(指定要返回内容的类型)
    response.setContentType(getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName));
    // 3.设置Content-Disposition(指定下载该文件时的文件名)
    response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
    // 4.读取目标文件,通过response将目标文件写到客户端
    // 4.1 获取目标文件的绝对路径
    String filePath = "WEB-INF/uploadFiles/" + fileName;
    filePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath(filePath);
    // 4.2 读取文件
    InputStream in = new FileInputStream(filePath);
    // 4.3 输出文件
    OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
    // 写文件
    int n;
    while ((n = in.read()) != -1) {
      out.write(n);
    }

    in.close();
    out.close();
  }

}

文件删除代码(FileDelete.java文件)

package controller.fileHandler;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class FileDelete extends HttpServlet {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(request, response);
  }

  /**
   * 处理文件下载的post
   * @throws IOException
   */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 1.设置参数编码
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 设置响应数据字符集
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 2.获得请求文件名
    String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
    // 3.获取该文件所在路径
    String filePath = "WEB-INF/uploadFiles/" + fileName;
    filePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath(filePath);
    // 4.在指定路径下创建指定名称的文件
    File deleteFile = new File(filePath);
    boolean flag = false;
    String msg = "";
    // 5.判断该文件是否已存在
    if (deleteFile.exists()) {
      flag = deleteFile.delete();
      if (flag) {
        msg = "删除成功!";
      } else {
        msg = "删除失败!";
      }
    } else {
      msg = "该文件不存在!";
    }

    // 6.返回客户端操作信息
    response.getWriter().print(msg);
  }

}

web.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 <display-name>demo_uploadAndDownload</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
    <param-value>uploadAndDownload</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 处理文件的Servlet -->
  <!-- 文件上传 Start -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
    <!-- 配置处理文件上传的java类 -->
    <servlet-class>controller.fileHandler.FileUpload</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
    <!-- 设置文件上传请求路径 -->
    <url-pattern>/uploadFile.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- End 文件上传 -->
  <!-- 文件预览 Start -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>view</servlet-name>
    <!-- 配置处理文件预览的java类 -->
    <servlet-class>controller.fileHandler.FileView</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>view</servlet-name>
    <!-- 设置文件预览请求路径 -->
    <url-pattern>/viewFile.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- End 文件预览 -->
  <!-- 文件下载 Start -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>download</servlet-name>
    <!-- 配置处理文件下载的java类 -->
    <servlet-class>controller.fileHandler.FileDownload</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>download</servlet-name>
    <!-- 设置文件下载请求路径 -->
    <url-pattern>/downloadFile.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- End 文件下载 -->
  <!-- 文件删除 Start -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>delete</servlet-name>
    <!-- 配置处理文件删除的java类 -->
    <servlet-class>controller.fileHandler.FileDelete</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>delete</servlet-name>
    <!-- 设置文件删除请求路径 -->
    <url-pattern>/deleteFile</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- End 文件删除 -->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.3 代码优化

处理文件查看(FileView.java) ,设置响应文件类型,可以用下面这句话替换

response.setContentType(getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName) + ";charset=UTF-8");

三、效果展示

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。

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