Bootstrap 下拉菜单.dropdown的具体使用方法

本章将具体讲解下拉菜单的交互。使用下拉菜单(Dropdown)插件,您可以向任何组件(比如导航栏、标签页、胶囊式导航菜单、按钮等)添加下拉菜单。

下拉菜单.dropdown具体用法

.dropdown <下拉菜单触发器button+下拉菜单ul>

.dropdown 包裹层

.dropdown-toggle 下拉菜单触发器

data-toggle="dropdown  自定义属性 可以与js关联起来

.dropdown-menu  下拉菜单

具体实例:

<div class="dropdown">
 <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true">
  Dropdown
  <span class="caret"></span>
 </button>
 <ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Another action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Something else here</a></li>
  <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Separated link</a></li>
 </ul>
</div>

如果你想让菜单默认是打开状态,需要添加一个.open的类

<div class="dropdown open">
 <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true">
  Dropdown
  <span class="caret"></span>
 </button>
 <ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Another action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Something else here</a></li>
  <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Separated link</a></li>
 </ul>
</div>

.dropup   向上弹出菜单

通过为下拉菜单的父元素设置 .dropup 类,可以让菜单向上弹出(默认是向下弹出的)

<div class="dropup">
 <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
  Dropup
  <span class="caret"></span>
 </button>
 <ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Another action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Something else here</a></li>
  <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Separated link</a></li>
 </ul>
</div>

1、对齐方式:默认左对齐

右对齐:给.dropdown-menu添加.dropdown-menu-right类就可以

注意:它是以父级的位置来对齐的

怎么样让下拉菜单以下拉菜单触发器的右端对齐呢?那就需要给下拉菜单触发器button添加一个.btn block的类

<div class="dropup">
 <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle btn-block" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
  Dropup
  <span class="caret"></span>
 </button>
 <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right " aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Another action</a></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Something else here</a></li>
  <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
  <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Separated link</a></li>
 </ul>
</div>

2、下拉菜单的标题     dropdown-header

在任何下拉菜单中均可通过添加标题来标明一组动作。

如果想让下拉菜单的标题居中,就需要添加一个.text-center的类

<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu3">
 ...
 <li class="dropdown-header text-center">Dropdown header</li>
 ...
</ul>

3、分割线:     .divider 

为下拉菜单添加一条分割线,用于将多个链接分组。

<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuDivider">
 ...
 <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
 ...
</ul>

4、禁用菜单:disabled

为下拉菜单中的 <li> 元素添加 .disabled 类,从而禁用相应的菜单项。

<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu4">
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Regular link</a></li>
 <li class="disabled"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Disabled link</a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Another link</a></li>
</ul>

注意:

aria-haspopup="true"  aria-expanded="true"  为需要借助屏幕阅读器的特殊人群设置的

id="dropdownMenu1" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1"   通过id将触发器和下拉菜单关联起来

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。

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