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高命中率的varnish缓存配置分享

给大家一个连我这么丑的blog,命中率都可以达到75%的varnish配置,大家拿去根据自己网站情况再优化下的话,说不定也可以达到90%,这也不是不可能的事。

系统:centos 5.x
软件:varnish-3.0.5

1.安装varnish

怎么安装我就不说了吧,自己搜去。

2.varnish配置



  backend slogra { 

     .host = "172.0.0.1"; 

     .port = "80"; 

     .connect_timeout = 20s; 

     .first_byte_timeout = 20s; 

     .between_bytes_timeout = 20s; 

 } 

 

#允许刷新缓存的规则 

acl purgeAllow { 

#     只能本机进行刷新 

     "localhost"; 

} 

  

# Below is a commented-out copy of the default VCL logic.  If you 

# redefine any of these subroutines, the built-in logic will be 

# appended to your code. 

 

sub vcl_recv { 

    #判断请求主机,跳转到相应后端服务器 

    if(req.http.host ~ "^(.*)(slogra.com)") 

    { 

        set req.backend=slogra; 

    }else{ 

        error 408 "Hostname not found";  

    } 

     

    #grace缓存过期仍存放 

    # 若backend是健康的，则仅grace 5s，如果backend不健康，则grace 1m。 

    # 这里，5s的目的是为了提高高并发时的吞吐率； 

    # 1m的目的是，backend挂了之后，还能继续服务一段时间，期望backend挂的不要太久。。。 

    if (req.backend.healthy) { 

        set req.grace = 5s; 

    } else { 

        set req.grace = 1m; 

    } 

 

    #刷新缓存的处理 

    if (req.request == "PURGE"){ 

        if(!client.ip ~ purgeAllow) { 

                error 405 "Not allowed."; 

        } 

    #    #转到hit或者miss处理 

        return (lookup); 

    } 

 

    #移除一些特定格式的cookie 

    if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|js|css|html|htm)($|\?)" ) { 

         #移除cookie,以便能缓存到varnish 

         unset req.http.cookie; 

    } 

 

   #Accept-Encoding 是浏览器发给服务器,声明浏览器支持的编码类型的 

   #修正客户端的Accept-Encoding头信息 

   #防止个别浏览器发送类似 deflate, gzip 

    if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { 

        if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz)($|\?)" ) { 

            remove req.http.Accept-Encoding; 

        }else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip"){ 

            set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; 

        } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate"){ 

            set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; 

        } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "sdch"){ 

            #chrome新增加的压缩 

            set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "sdch"; 

        }else { 

            remove req.http.Accept-Encoding; 

        } 

    }         

    #首次访问增加X-Forwarded-For头信息,方便后端程序获取客户端ip 

    if (req.restarts == 0) { 

        if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) { 

            set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = 

            req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip; 

        } else { 

            set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; 

        } 

    } 

 

   if (req.request != "GET" && 

       req.request != "HEAD" && 

       req.request != "PUT" && 

       req.request != "POST" && 

       req.request != "TRACE" && 

       req.request != "OPTIONS" && 

       req.request != "DELETE") { 

       return (pipe); 

   } 

     if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { 

         /* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */ 

         return (pass); 

     } 

     if (req.http.Authorization) { 

         /* Not cacheable by default */ 

         return (pass); 

     } 

     #js,css文件都有Cookie,不能每次都去后台服务器去取 

     #if (req.http.Cookie) { 

     #    /* Not cacheable by default */ 

     #    return (pass); 

     #} 

     

     #如果请求的是动态页面直接转发到后端服务器 

     if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(php|jsp|do|aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") { 

          return (pass); 

     } 

     return (lookup); 

 }    

 sub vcl_pipe { 

     # Note that only the first request to the backend will have 

     # X-Forwarded-For set.  If you use X-Forwarded-For and want to 

     # have it set for all requests, make sure to have: 

     # set bereq.http.connection = "close"; 

     # here.  It is not set by default as it might break some broken web 

     # applications, like IIS with NTLM authentication. 

     return (pipe); 

 }    

#放过,让其直接去后台服务器请求数据 

sub vcl_pass { 

     return (pass); 

 }    

sub vcl_hash { 

     hash_data(req.url); 

     if (req.http.host) { 

         hash_data(req.http.host); 

     } else { 

         hash_data(server.ip); 

     } 

     #支持压缩的要增加,防止发送给不支持压缩的浏览器压缩的内容 

     if(req.http.Accept-Encoding){ 

          hash_data(req.http.Accept-Encoding); 

     } 

     return (hash); 

 } 

  

#缓存服务器lookup查找命中:hit 

 sub vcl_hit { 

     #刷新缓存的请求操作,设置TTL为0,返回处理结果代码 

     if (req.request == "PURGE") { 

          set obj.ttl = 0s; 

          error 200 "Purged."; 

      }   

     #缓存服务器命中后(查找到了) 

     return (deliver); 

 }    

#缓存服务器lookup查找没有命中:miss 

sub vcl_miss { 

    #刷新缓存的请求操作, 

    #if (req.request == "PURGE") { 

    #    error 404 "Not in cache."; 

    #}   

    #缓存服务器没有命中(去后台服务器取) 

     return (fetch); 

 }   

#从后台服务器取回数据后,视情况是否进行缓存 

sub vcl_fetch { 

    #如果请求的是动态页面直接发转发 

    #动态请求回来的,一定要放在前面处理 

    if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(php|jsp|do|aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") { 

        set beresp.http.Cache-Control="no-cache, no-store"; 

        unset beresp.http.Expires; 

        return (deliver); 

    }   

    # 仅当该请求可以缓存时，才设置beresp.grace，若该请求不能被缓存，则不设置beresp.grace 

    if (beresp.ttl > 0s) { 

        set beresp.grace = 1m; 

    }     

     if (beresp.ttl <= 0s || 

         beresp.http.Set-Cookie || 

         beresp.http.Vary == "*") { 

            /* 

             * Mark as "Hit-For-Pass" for the next 2 minutes 

             */ 

            set beresp.ttl = 120 s; 

            #下次请求时不进行lookup,直接pass 

            return (hit_for_pass); 

     }   

    #设置从后台服务器获得的特定格式文件的缓存TTL 

    if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(pdf|xls|ppt|doc|docx|xlsx|pptx|chm|rar|zip)($|\?)")      

    { 

        #移除服务器发送的cookie  

        unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie; 

        #加上缓存时间 

        set beresp.ttl = 30d; 

        return (deliver); 

    }else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(bmp|jpeg|jpg|png|gif|svg|png|ico|txt|css|js|html|htm)($|\?)"){ 

        #移除服务器发送的cookie  

        unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie; 

        #加上缓存时间 

        set beresp.ttl = 15d; 

        return (deliver); 

    }else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(mp3|wma|mp4|rmvb|ogg|mov|avi|wmv|mpeg|mpg|dat|3pg|swf|flv|asf)($|\?)"){ 

        #移除服务器发送的cookie  

        unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie; 

        #加上缓存时间 

        set beresp.ttl = 30d; 

        return (deliver); 

    }   

    #从后台服务器返回的response信息中,没有缓存的,不缓存 

    if (beresp.http.Pragma ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"private") { 

            return (deliver); 

    } 

    return (deliver); 

 }    

#缓存服务器发送到客户端前调用 

 sub vcl_deliver { 

    #下面是添加一个Header标识，以判断缓存是否命中。 

    if (obj.hits > 0) { 

        set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from cache"; 

       #set resp.http.X-Varnish = "HIT from cache"; 

    } else { 

        set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS from cache"; 

       #set resp.http.X-Varnish = "MISS from cache"; 

    } 

    #去掉不是必须的header 

    unset resp.http.Vary; 

    unset resp.http.X-Powered-By; 

    unset resp.http.X-AspNet-Version; 

    return (deliver); 

 } 

  

 sub vcl_error { 

     set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8"; 

     set obj.http.Retry-After = "5"; 

     synthetic {" 

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" 

  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 

 <html> 

   <head> 

     <title>"} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</title> 

   </head> 

   <body> 

     <h1>Error "} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</h1> 

     <p>"} + obj.response + {"</p> 

     <h3>Guru Meditation:</h3> 

     <p>XID: "} + req.xid + {"</p> 

     <hr> 

     <p>cache server</p> 

   </body> 

 </html> 

 "}; 

     return (deliver); 

 }    

 sub vcl_init { 

    return (ok); 

 }   

 sub vcl_fini { 

    return (ok); 

 }

3.效果图

好了,大家有兴趣的,可以自己去搞.

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