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SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI的实现

本教程主要详细讲解SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI。

基础环境

技术 版本
Java 1.8+
SpringBoot 2.x.x
Security 5.x
JWT 0.9.0

创建项目

初始化项目

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.edurt.sli.slisj -DartifactId=spring-learn-integration-security-jwt -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -Dversion=1.0.0 -DinteractiveMode=false

修改pom.xml增加security和jwt的支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

  <parent>
    <artifactId>spring-learn-integration-security</artifactId>
    <groupId>com.edurt.sli</groupId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
  </parent>

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <artifactId>spring-learn-integration-security-jwt</artifactId>

  <name>SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI</name>

  <properties>
    <system.java.version>1.8</system.java.version>
    <plugin.maven.compiler.version>3.3</plugin.maven.compiler.version>
    <dependency.springboot2.common.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</dependency.springboot2.common.version>
    <dependency.lombok.version>1.18.6</dependency.lombok.version>
    <dependency.jwt.version>0.9.0</dependency.jwt.version>
    <dependency.jackson.version>2.9.9</dependency.jackson.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
      <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
      <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
      <version>${dependency.jwt.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>${dependency.lombok.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>${dependency.jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
        <configuration>
          <fork>true</fork>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${plugin.maven.compiler.version}</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>${system.java.version}</source>
          <target>${system.java.version}</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

spring-boot-starter-security启动spring security安全框架

jjwt启动spring security jwt框架支持

一个简单的应用类

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * <p> SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration </p>
 * <p> Description : SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:45 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@Component(value = "com.edurt.sli.slisj")
public class SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration.class, args);
  }
  
}

配置 JWT

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建config目录,并在该目录下新建jwt目录,在该目录下新建JwtTokenTemplate工具模板

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * <p> JwtTokenTemplate </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtTokenTemplate </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:49 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenTemplate implements Serializable {

  private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";

  private static final long EXPIRATION_TIME = 432000000;

  private static final String SECRET = "secret";

  public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
    Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(16);
    claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
    return Jwts.builder()
        .setClaims(claims)
        .setExpiration(new Date(Instant.now().toEpochMilli() + EXPIRATION_TIME))
        .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
        .compact();
  }

  public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
    User user = (User) userDetails;
    String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);
    return (username.equals(user.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));
  }

  public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
    Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken(token);
    return expiration.before(new Date());
  }

  public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
    String username = getClaimsFromToken(token).getSubject();
    return username;
  }

  public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) {
    Date expiration = getClaimsFromToken(token).getExpiration();
    return expiration;
  }

  private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
    Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
        .setSigningKey(SECRET)
        .parseClaimsJws(token)
        .getBody();
    return claims;
  }

}

在jwt该目录下新建JwtTokenFilter过滤器

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * <p> JwtTokenFilter </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtTokenFilter </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:49 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

  public static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization";

  @Autowired
  private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

  @Autowired
  private JwtTokenTemplate jwtTokenTemplate;

  @Override
  protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
    String token = request.getHeader(HEADER_STRING);
    if (null != token) {
      String username = jwtTokenTemplate.getUsernameFromToken(token);
      if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
        UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
        if (jwtTokenTemplate.validateToken(token, userDetails)) {
          UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
              userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
          authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(
              request));
          SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        }
      }
    }
    chain.doFilter(request, response);
  }

}

配置Security

在config目录下新建JwtSecurityConfig文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config;

import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt.JwtTokenFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

/**
 * <p> JwtSecurityConfig </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtSecurityConfig </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:46 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class JwtSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

  @Autowired
  private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

  @Autowired
  public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
    auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
  }

  @Bean
  public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
    return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
  }

  @Override
  protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http.csrf().disable()
        .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
        .authorizeRequests()
        .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll()
        .antMatchers("/auth/login").permitAll()
        .anyRequest().authenticated();
    http.addFilterBefore(authenticationTokenFilterBean(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    http.headers().cacheControl();
  }

  @Bean
  public JwtTokenFilter authenticationTokenFilterBean() {
    return new JwtTokenFilter();
  }

  @Bean
  @Override
  public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
    return super.authenticationManagerBean();
  }

}

在config目录下新建JwtUserDetailsService文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * <p> JwtUserDetailsService </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtUserDetailsService </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:54 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Service
public class JwtUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {

  @Override
  public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
    if (userName.equals("admin")) {
      return new User("admin", "$2a$10$slYQmyNdGzTn7ZLBXBChFOC9f6kFjAqPhccnP6DxlWXx2lPk1C3G6",
          new ArrayList<>());
    }
    return null;
  }

}

在resources资源目录下创建一个application.properties的配置文件,内容如下

server.port=8989

创建授权参数

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建param目录,并在该目录下新建JwtParam文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.param;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;

/**
 * <p> JwtParam </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtParam </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:59 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class JwtParam {

  private String username;
  private String password;

}

创建授权接口

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建controller目录,并在该目录下新建HelloJwtController文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.controller;

import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.JwtUserDetailsService;
import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt.JwtTokenTemplate;
import com.edurt.sli.slisj.param.JwtParam;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * <p> HelloJwtController </p>
 * <p> Description : HelloJwtController </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:58 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "auth")
public class HelloJwtController {

  @Autowired
  private JwtTokenTemplate jwtTokenTemplate;

  @Autowired
  private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

  @Autowired
  private JwtUserDetailsService userDetailsService;

  @PostMapping(value = "login")
  public String login(@RequestBody JwtParam body) throws AuthenticationException {
    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(body.getUsername(), body.getPassword());
    Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(authenticationToken);
    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
    UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(body.getUsername());
    return jwtTokenTemplate.generateToken(userDetails);
  }

  @GetMapping(value = "hello")
  public String hello() {
    return "Hello Jwt!!!";
  }

}

校验授权

在控制台输入以下命令(未授权时)

curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8989/auth/hello'

会出现以下错误信息

{
  "timestamp": "2019-11-26T13:05:05.204+0000",
  "status": 403,
  "error": "Forbidden",
  "message": "Access Denied",
  "path": "/auth/hello"
}

提示我们未授权,这时我们使用/auth/login去获得授权的token

curl -X POST 'http://127.0.0.1:8989/auth/login' --header 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"username": "admin", "password": "password"}'

返回以下token信息

eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU3NTIwNTg4OH0.zc3JTsIHIZSmi-hrgCB1AKrrjVWtnWB4YJjOhzml2k9qRdTGdoDYKM1XriQIAInvIrTDDkpozT4Ny58Wcpm4JA

这时我们使用返回的token进行访问/auth/hello接口获取数据

curl -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:8989/auth/hello' --header 'Authorization: eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU3NTIwNTg4OH0.zc3JTsIHIZSmi-hrgCB1AKrrjVWtnWB4YJjOhzml2k9qRdTGdoDYKM1XriQIAInvIrTDDkpozT4Ny58Wcpm4JA'

返回以下信息

Hello Jwt!!!

此时我们已经完成JWT授权配置

打包文件部署

打包数据

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -X

运行打包后的文件即可

java -jar target/spring-learn-integration-security-jwt-1.0.0.jar

源码地址

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