字典是一个抽象类,代表一个键/值存储库,其操作非常类似于Map。给定键和值,您可以将值存储在Dictionary对象中。一旦存储了值,就可以使用其键检索它。因此,就像映射一样,字典可以看作是键/值对的列表。
以下是字典定义的方法,如下所示-
序号 | 方法与说明 |
---|---|
1个 | Enumeration elements( ) |
2 | Object get(Object key) 返回包含与键关联的值的对象。如果键不在字典中,则返回空对象。 |
3 | boolean isEmpty( ) |
4 | 枚举keys() 返回字典中包含的键的枚举。 |
5 | Object put(Object key, Object value) |
6 | Object remove(Object key) 删除键及其值。返回与键关联的值。如果键不在字典中,则返回null。 |
7 | int size() 返回字典中的条目数。 |
以下是实现Dictionary类的put()和get()方法的示例-
import java.util.*; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) { Dictionary dictionary = new Hashtable(); dictionary.put("20", "John"); dictionary.put("40", "Tom"); dictionary.put("60", "Steve"); dictionary.put("80", "Kevin"); dictionary.put("100", "Ryan"); dictionary.put("120", "Tim"); dictionary.put("140", "Jacob"); dictionary.put("160", "David"); System.out.println("Value at key 20 = " + dictionary.get("20")); System.out.println("Value at key 40 = " + dictionary.get("40")); System.out.println("Value at key 30 = " + dictionary.get("30")); System.out.println("Value at key 90 = " + dictionary.get("90")); } }
输出结果
Value at key 20 = John Value at key 40 = Tom Value at key 30 = null Value at key 90 = null
让我们看看另一个示例,其中我们也使用elements()方法显示Dictionary值-
import java.util.*; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) { Dictionary dictionary = new Hashtable(); dictionary.put("20", "John"); dictionary.put("40", "Tom"); dictionary.put("60", "Steve"); dictionary.put("80", "Kevin"); dictionary.put("100", "Ryan"); dictionary.put("120", "Tim"); dictionary.put("140", "Jacob"); dictionary.put("160", "David"); System.out.println("Dictionary Values..."); for (Enumeration i = dictionary.elements(); i.hasMoreElements();) { System.out.println(i.nextElement()); } System.out.println("Value at key 20 = " + dictionary.get("20")); System.out.println("Value at key 40 = " + dictionary.get("40")); System.out.println("Value at key 30 = " + dictionary.get("30")); System.out.println("Value at key 90 = " + dictionary.get("90")); } }
输出结果
Dictionary Values... Tom Jacob Steve Ryan David John Kevin Tim Value at key 20 = John Value at key 40 = Tom Value at key 30 = null Value at key 90 = null