通常,数组的大小固定,并且使用索引访问每个元素。例如,我们创建了一个大小为9的数组。然后,用于访问该数组元素的有效表达式将为a [0]至a [8](长度为1)。
每当使用–ve值或大于或等于数组大小的值时,都会引发ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException。
例如,如果执行以下代码,它将显示数组中的元素,并要求您提供索引以选择一个元素。由于数组的大小为7,因此有效索引为0到6。
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Scanner; public class AIOBSample { public static void main(String args[]) { int[] myArray = {897, 56, 78, 90, 12, 123, 75}; System.out.println("Elements in the array are:: "); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArray)); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the index of the required element ::"); int element = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Element in the given index is :: "+myArray[element]); } }
但是,如果您观察到以下输出,则我们已请求索引为9的元素,因为它是无效索引,因此引发了 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException并终止了执行。
输出结果
Elements in the array are:: [897, 56, 78, 90, 12, 123, 75] Enter the index of the required element :: 7 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 7 at AIOBSample.main(AIOBSample.java:12)
您可以使用try catch处理此异常,如下所示。
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Scanner; public class AIOBSampleHandled { public static void main(String args[]) { int[] myArray = {897, 56, 78, 90, 12, 123, 75}; System.out.println("Elements in the array are:: "); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArray)); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the index of the required element ::"); try { int element = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Element in the given index is :: "+myArray[element]); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println("The index you have entered is invalid"); System.out.println("Please enter an index number between 0 and 6"); } } }
Elements in the array are:: [897, 56, 78, 90, 12, 123, 75] Enter the index of the required element :: 7 The index you have entered is invalid Please enter an index number between 0 and 6