众所周知,TRUNCATE将删除所有行,而不会从数据库中删除表的结构。借助DELETE命令可以完成从表中删除所有行的相同工作。但是,两个命令之间对PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT的重新初始化有很大的不同。
假定定义了具有PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT的AUTO_INCREMENT列,那么在使用DELETE命令删除所有行时不会重新初始化表,即,在输入新行时,AUTO_INCREMENT编号将在最后插入的行之后开始。相反,在使用TRUNCATE时,该表将像新创建的表一样重新初始化。这意味着在使用TRUNCATE命令并插入新行后,AUTO_INCREMENT编号将从1开始。
以下示例将演示上述概念-
mysql> Create table Testing(Id INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, Name Varchar(20)); mysql> Insert into testing(Name) values('Gaurav'),('Rahul'),('Aarav'),('Yashraj'),('Manak'); Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> Select * from testing; +----+---------+ | Id | Name | +----+---------+ | 1 | Gaurav | | 2 | Rahul | | 3 | Aarav | | 4 | Yashraj | | 5 | Manak | +----+---------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Delete from testing where id >=4; mysql> Select * from testing; +----+--------+ | Id | Name | +----+--------+ | 1 | Gaurav | | 2 | Rahul | | 3 | Aarav | +----+--------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Insert into testing(Name) values('Harshit'),('Lovkesh'); Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> Select * from testing; +----+---------+ | Id | Name | +----+---------+ | 1 | Gaurav | | 2 | Rahul | | 3 | Aarav | | 6 | Harshit | | 7 | Lovkesh | +----+---------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Truncate table testing; mysql> Insert into testing(Name) values('Harshit'),('Lovkesh'),('Ram'),('Gaurav'); Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> Select * from testing; +----+---------+ | Id | Name | +----+---------+ | 1 | Harshit | | 2 | Lovkesh | | 3 | Ram | | 4 | Gaurav | +----+---------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)