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java实现导出Excel的功能

导出excel是咱Java开发的必备技能啦，之前项目有这个功能，现在将其独立出来，分享一下。

所用技术就是SpringBoot，然后是MVC架构模式。

废话不多说，直接上代码了，源码点末尾链接就可以下载。

（1）新建一个SpringBoot项目（可以官网https://start.spring.io/直接生成下载，然后导入eclipse），项目结构如下：

（2）修改pom文件，添加依赖；

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>

 <!-- 导出excel -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
 <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
 <version>3.14</version>
 </dependency>

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
 <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
 <version>3.14</version>
 </dependency>

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-contrib -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
 <artifactId>poi-contrib</artifactId>
 <version>3.6</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
 <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
 <version>3.17</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-scratchpad -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
 <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
 <version>3.17</version>
 </dependency>

（3）新建一个实体类，命名为User.java；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.po;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable{
 private static final long serialVersionUID = -9180229310895087286L;
 private String name; // 姓名
 private String sex; // 性别
 private Integer age; // 年龄
 private String phoneNo; // 手机号
 private String address; // 地址
 private String hobby; // 爱好
 public User(String name, String sex, Integer age, String phoneNo, String address, String hobby) {
 super();
 this.name = name;
 this.sex = sex;
 this.age = age;
 this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
 this.address = address;
 this.hobby = hobby;
 }
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 public String getSex() {
 return sex;
 }
 public void setSex(String sex) {
 this.sex = sex;
 }
 public Integer getAge() {
 return age;
 }
 public void setAge(Integer age) {
 this.age = age;
 }
 public String getPhoneNo() {
 return phoneNo;
 }
 public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
 this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
 }
 public String getAddress() {
 return address;
 }
 public void setAddress(String address) {
 this.address = address;
 }
 public String getHobby() {
 return hobby;
 }
 public void setHobby(String hobby) {
 this.hobby = hobby;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "User [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", phoneNo=" + phoneNo + ", address=" + address
 + ", hobby=" + hobby + "]";
 }
}

（4）新建一个excel样式工具类；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.utils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
/**
 * excle样式工具类
 */
public class ExcelFormatUtil {
 /**
 * 设置报表头样式
 * @param workbook
 * @return
 */
 public static CellStyle headSytle(SXSSFWorkbook workbook){
 // 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
 CellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();// cell样式
 // 设置单元格背景色，设置单元格背景色以下两句必须同时设置
 style1.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 设置填充样式
 style1.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.GREY_25_PERCENT.index);// 设置填充色
 // 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
 style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 Font font1 = workbook.createFont();// 创建一个字体对象
 font1.setBoldweight((short) 10);// 设置字体的宽度
 font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);// 设置字体的高度
 font1.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);// 粗体显示
 style1.setFont(font1);// 设置style1的字体
 style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
 style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
 style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
 return style1;
 }
 /**
 * 设置报表体样式
 * @param wb
 * @return
 */
 public static CellStyle contentStyle(SXSSFWorkbook wb){
 // 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
 CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();// cell样式
 // 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
 style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
 style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
 style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
 return style1;
 }
 /**
 * 设置报表标题样式
 * @param workbook
 * @return
 */
 public static HSSFCellStyle titleSytle(HSSFWorkbook workbook,short color,short fontSize){
 // 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
 HSSFCellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();// cell样式
 // 设置单元格背景色，设置单元格背景色以下两句必须同时设置
 //style1.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 设置填充样式
 //short fcolor = color;
 if(color != HSSFColor.WHITE.index){
 style1.setFillForegroundColor(color);// 设置填充色 
 }
 // 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
 style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
 HSSFFont font1 = workbook.createFont();// 创建一个字体对象
 font1.setBoldweight(fontSize);// 设置字体的宽度
 font1.setFontHeightInPoints(fontSize);// 设置字体的高度
 font1.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);// 粗体显示
 style1.setFont(font1);// 设置style1的字体
 style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
 style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
 style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
 return style1;
 }
 /**
 *设置表头 
 * @param sheet
 */
 public static void initTitleEX(SXSSFSheet sheet, CellStyle header,String title[],int titleLength[]) {
 SXSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
 row0.setHeight((short) 800); 
 for(int j = 0;j<title.length; j++) {
 SXSSFCell cell = row0.createCell(j);
 //设置每一列的字段名
 cell.setCellValue(title[j]);
 cell.setCellStyle(header);
 sheet.setColumnWidth(j, titleLength[j]);
 }
 }
}

（5）新建一个Service接口；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
public interface ExportService {
 ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response);
}

（6）新建一个Service接口实现类；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.impl;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller.BaseFrontController;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.po.User;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.ExportService;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.utils.ExcelFormatUtil;

@Service
public class ExportServiceImpl implements ExportService{
 Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExportServiceImpl.class);

 @Override
 public ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
 try {
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>开始导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
 
 // 造几条数据
 List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
 list.add(new User("唐三藏", "男", 30, "13411111111", "东土大唐", "取西经"));
 list.add(new User("孙悟空", "男", 29, "13411111112", "菩提院", "打妖怪"));
 list.add(new User("猪八戒", "男", 28, "13411111113", "高老庄", "偷懒"));
 list.add(new User("沙悟净", "男", 27, "13411111114", "流沙河", "挑担子"));
 
 BaseFrontController baseFrontController = new BaseFrontController();
 return baseFrontController.buildResponseEntity(export((List<User>) list), "用户表.xls");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 logger.error(">>>>>>>>>>导出excel 异常，原因为：" + e.getMessage());
 }
 return null;
 }

 private InputStream export(List<User> list) {
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始进入导出方法>>>>>>>>>>");
 ByteArrayOutputStream output = null;
 InputStream inputStream1 = null;
 SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook(1000);// 保留1000条数据在内存中
 SXSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
 // 设置报表头样式
 CellStyle header = ExcelFormatUtil.headSytle(wb);// cell样式
 CellStyle content = ExcelFormatUtil.contentStyle(wb);// 报表体样式
 
 // 每一列字段名
 String[] strs = new String[] { "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "手机号", "地址","爱好" };
 
 // 字段名所在表格的宽度
 int[] ints = new int[] { 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000 };
 
 // 设置表头样式
 ExcelFormatUtil.initTitleEX(sheet, header, strs, ints);
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>表头样式设置完成>>>>>>>>>>");
 
 if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始遍历数据组装单元格内容>>>>>>>>>>");
 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
 User user = list.get(i);
 SXSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
 int j = 0;

 SXSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getName()); // 姓名
 cell.setCellStyle(content);

 cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getSex()); // 性别
 cell.setCellStyle(content);

 cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getAge()); // 年龄
 cell.setCellStyle(content);

 cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getPhoneNo()); // 手机号
 cell.setCellStyle(content);

 cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getAddress()); // 地址
 cell.setCellStyle(content);
 
 cell = row.createCell(j++);
 cell.setCellValue(user.getHobby()); // 爱好
 cell.setCellStyle(content);
 }
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束遍历数据组装单元格内容>>>>>>>>>>");
 }
 try {
 output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
 wb.write(output);
 inputStream1 = new ByteArrayInputStream(output.toByteArray());
 output.flush();
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 try {
 if (output != null) {
 output.close();
 if (inputStream1 != null)
 inputStream1.close();
 }
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 return inputStream1;
 }
}

（7）新建一个下载文件的通用controller；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller;

import java.io.InputStream; 
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

@Validated
public class BaseFrontController {
 
 /**
 * slf4j 日志 logger
 */
 protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

 /**
 * 下载文件,纯SpringMVC的API来完成
 *
 * @param is 文件输入流
 * @param name 文件名称,带后缀名
 *
 * @throws Exception
 */
 public ResponseEntity<byte[]> buildResponseEntity(InputStream is, String name) throws Exception {
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始下载文件>>>>>>>>>>");
 if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled())
 this.logger.debug("download: " + name);
 HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
 String fileSuffix = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
 fileSuffix = fileSuffix.toLowerCase();
 
 Map<String, String> arguments = new HashMap<String, String>();
 arguments.put("xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
 arguments.put("xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
 
 String contentType = arguments.get(fileSuffix);
 header.add("Content-Type", (StringUtils.hasText(contentType) ? contentType : "application/x-download"));
 if(is!=null && is.available()!=0){
 header.add("Content-Length", String.valueOf(is.available()));
 header.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename*=utf-8'zh_cn'" + URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8"));
 byte[] bs = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束下载文件-有记录>>>>>>>>>>");
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>结束导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
 return new ResponseEntity<>(bs, header, HttpStatus.OK);
 }else{
 String string="数据为空";
 header.add("Content-Length", "0");
 header.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename*=utf-8'zh_cn'" + URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8"));
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束下载文件-无记录>>>>>>>>>>");
 logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>结束导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
 return new ResponseEntity<>(string.getBytes(), header, HttpStatus.OK);
 }
 }
}

（8）新建一个controller，作为请求的入口；

package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.ExportService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/exportExcel/")
public class ExportController {
 
 @Autowired
 private ExportService exportService;

 // 导出excel
 @RequestMapping("exportExcel")
 public ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
 return exportService.exportExcel(request,response);
 }
}

（9）运行ExportExcelApplication，浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/exportExcel/exportExcel，可以下载excel，打开如下：

（10）项目源码

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。

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