python之django母板页面的使用

其实就是利用{% block xxx %} {% endblock %}的方式定义一个块，相当于占位。存放在某个html中，比如base.html

然后在需要实现这些块的文件中，使用继承{% extends "base.html" %}的方式引入母板文件，然后在{% block xxx %}......{% endblock %}块定义中实现具体的内容。

base.html示例：注意块的定义。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ -->
  <meta name="description" content="">
  <meta name="author" content="">
  <link rel="icon" href="http://v3.bootcss.com/favicon.ico" rel="external nofollow" >
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css" rel="external nofollow" >
  <title>所有的书都在这里</title>
  {% block page_css %}
  {% endblock %}
  {% block page_js %}
  {% endblock %}

  <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
  <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
  <link href="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/css/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
  <link href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/dashboard/dashboard.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Just for debugging purposes. Don't actually copy these 2 lines! -->
  <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie8-responsive-file-warning.js"></script><![endif]-->
  <script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js"></script>

  <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
  <!--[if lt IE 9]>
   <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
   <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
  <![endif]-->
</head>

<body>

{% include "nav.html" %}

<div class="container-fluid">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
      <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
        <li class="{% block book_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/book_list/" rel="external nofollow" >所有的书 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
        </li>
        <li class="{% block publisher_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/publisher_list/" rel="external nofollow" >出版社</a></li>
        <li class="{% block author_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/author_list/" rel="external nofollow" >作者</a></li>

      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">      
      {% block main_body %}
        {#这里是每个页面不同的部分#}
      {% endblock %}
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- Just to make our placeholder images work. Don't actually copy the next line! -->
<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

某个继承页：

{# 继承母板 #}
{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block book_class %}
  active
{% endblock %}
{% block page_css %}
  {% load static %}
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% get_static_prefix %}book_list_only.css" rel="external nofollow" >
{% endblock %}

{#把自己页面的内容，填入母板里面相应的位置#}
{% block main_body %}
  <div class="panel panel-primary">
        <div class="panel-heading">
          <h3 class="panel-title">我是自定义内容，用来替换母板中指定的位置</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
          <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-8"> </div>
            <div class="col-md-4"><a href="/add_book/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-plus-square"></i> 添加新书</a>
              <a href="/add_publisher/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-success"><i class="fa fa-plus-square"></i> 添加出版社</a></div>
          </div>


          <table class="table table-dark table-hover">
            <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>#</th>
              <th>id</th>
              <th>名称</th>
              <th>出版社</th>
              <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            {% for b in books %}
              <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ b.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ b.title }}</td>
                <td>{{ b.publisher.name }}</td>
                <td>
                  <a href="/del_book/?id={{ b.id }}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-danger"><i class="fa fa-trash fa-fw"></i>删除</a>
                  <a href="/edit_book/?id={{ b.id }}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-info"><i class="fa fa-pencil fa-fw"></i>编辑</a>
                </td>
              </tr>
            {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
          </table>

        </div>
      </div>
{% endblock %}

另一个继承页：

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block main_body %}
      <div class="panel panel-primary">
        <div class="panel-heading">
          <h3 class="panel-title">所有的出版社</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
          <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-8"> </div>
            <div class="col-md-4"><a href="/add_book/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle fa-fw"></i>添加新书</a>
              <a href="/add_publisher/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-success"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle fa-fw"></i>添加出版社</a></div>
          </div>


          <table class="table table-dark table-hover">
            <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>#</th>
              <th>id</th>
              <th>名称</th>
              <th>地址</th>
              <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            {% for p in publisher %}
              <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ p.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ p.name }}</td>
                <td>{{ p.addr }}</td>
                <td>
                  <a href="/del_publisher/?id={{ p.id }}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-danger"><i class="fa fa-remove fa-fw"></i>删除</a>
                  <a href="/edit_publisher/?id={{ p.id }}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-info"><i class="fa fa-edit fa-fw"></i>编辑</a>
                </td>
              </tr>
            {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
          </table>

        </div>
      </div>
 {% endblock %}
{% block publisher_class %}
  active
{% endblock %}

完整的练习项目代码:day63_base_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持呐喊教程。

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